At no single, crucial moment on his life did Genghis Khan suddenly acquire his genius warfare, his ability to inspire the loyalty of his followers or his unprecedented skills for organizing on global scaled. At every battle, he learned something new. He never fought the same war twice.

The final battle for the control of Mongolia between Jamuka and Temujin came in 1204.

Temujin send a guard on a horse so skinny with a saddle so primitive that the captors sent the horse and saddle from camp to camp in mockery to how pathetic the Mongols had become. In an other trick. Since he had far fewer soldiers than the Jamuka, Temujin ordered each man to set 5 campfires every night on the hills where his army camped.

in 1205, Jamuka who escaped the battle was seized by his followers and delivered to Temujin.

Temujin valued loyalty above all else. Rather than reward the men who brought Jamuka to him, Temujin had all of them executed in front of the leader they had betrayed.

Temujin had produced a new type of steppe army based on greater variety of tactic and most important, close cooperation among the men and complete obedience to their commanders. Temujin used a set of maneuvers that each man had to know and to which  each responded precisely and without hesitation.

The Mongols had a saying: "If he sends me in fire or water I go. I go for him"

In the long history of steppe warfare, a defeated tribe was looted, some members taken prisoner, and the rest left again to their own devices. Defeated groups regularly reorganized and counterattacked or broke  away and joined rival tribes. Temujin followed a radical new policy that revealed his ambitions to fundamentally alter the cycle of attack and counterattack. The members who choose to join his followers would not be taken as slaves but Temujin took them as members of the tribe and all others would be executed. Timujin symbolized this by adopting an orphan boy from the opposite tribe and presenting him to his mother to raise him in her ger not as a slave but as her son.

To those who followed Temujin faithfully, there would be rewards and good treatment. To those who chose to attack him, he would show no mercy.

Temujin had defeated every tribe on the steppe and removed the threat of every aristocratic lineage by killing off their men and marrying their women to his sons and other followers. He chafed under the authority of anyone who stood above him. He killed his half brother Begter to rule over his  family. He destroyed the Merkid because they took his wife. He killed off the Tartars who had killed his father and looked down on the Mongols as little more than steppe rats.  He overthrew the nobles of his own Mongols people. When the Naiman queen mocked the Mongols as her inferiors, he attacked the tribe, killed her husband and gave her to his men as wife. Finally, he killed Jamuka, one of the people whom he most loved in life.

In 1206, Temujin Khan summoned a "Khuriltai" - Official council summoned to confirm elections or make major decisions such as whether to go to war - probably the largest and most important ever held in the steppe history. The lines of gers stretches for miles in every directions, tens of thousands of animals grazed nearby to provide milk and meat for the festivities. Days of great solemnity and massive ceremony alternated with days of celebration, sports, and music.

Temujin choose the name of Chinggis Khan, a name later known in the West through the Persian spelling as Genghis Khan. The Mongolian word "Chin" means strong, firm, unshakable, and fearless.

To keep his people united, Genghis Khan proclaimed new laws:

The first new laws forbade the kidnapping of women

He forbade the abduction and enslavement of any Mongols

He declared all children legitimate, whether born to a wife or a concubine

He forbade the selling of women into marriage

He outlaw adultery (it did not include sexual relations between a woman and her husband's close relatives nor those between a man and female servants  or the wives or other men hi his household).

Animal rustling became a capital offense.

Anyone finding a lost animal to return it to his owner. He institute a massive lost-and-found system.

The penalty for thief or not returning an animal or a good to the appropriate supervisor is death

He forbidden hunting of animals between March and October during the breeding time.

He decreed complete  and total religious freedom for everyone.

He abolished torture but he mounted major campaigns to seek out and kill raiding bandits and terrorists assassins.

He refused to hold hostages and instead instituted the novel practice of granting diplomatic immunity for all ambassadors and envoys including those from hostile nations with whom he was at war

Genghis Khan exempted religious leader and their property from taxation and from all types of public service.

He extended the same tax exemption to professionals who provided essential public service, including undertakers, doctors, lawyers, teachers and scholars.

According to his law, the Khan must always be elected by a Khuriltai.

He made a capital offense any member of his family to claim the office without election.

The death penalty would be applied to a member of his family only through a Khuriltai of the whole family.

Genghis Khan recognized group responsibility and group guilt. A crime by one could bring punishment to all.

Enforcement of the law began at the highest level, with the Khan himself - by subjugating the ruler to the law, he achieved something that no other civilization had yet accomplished. Specially in Europe where the monarchs ruled by the will of God and reigned above the law.

He ordered the adoption of a writing system.

To keep track of his laws, Genghis Khan created the position of supreme judge.

He demanded that each commander of the units of one thousand and ten thousand send their own son and their son's best friends to him personally to make his own unit of ten thousand.

His innovative fighting techniques made the heavily armored knights of medieval Europe obsolete replacing them with disciplined cavalry  in coordinated units. He made brilliant use of speed and surprise on battlefield as well as perfecting siege warfare to such a degree that he ended the era of walled cities.

Temujin Khan exercised a decisive ability to assess a man's talents and assign him to precisely the right task based on his ability rather than his genealogy.

Temujin realized that the rush to loot the gers of the defeated served as an impediment to more complete victory. This system allowed many defeated warriors to escape and eventually return for a counterattack.

Temujin decided to order that all looting would wait until after a complete victory had been won over the enemy.

He distributed the goods along the same lines by which the hunting men of the forest traditionally distributed the kill at the end of a group hunt. In an other innovation, he ordered that a soldier's  share be allocated to each widow and each orphan of every soldier killed in the raid. This policy not only ensured him the support of the poorest people in the tribe, but it also inspired loyalty among his soldier who knew that even if they died, he would take care of their surviving families.

These new rules that he already applied to his followers violated the traditional rights of the aristocrats lineages and in the past, some of them deserted him to join the forces of Jamuka.

Again Temujin had shown that rather than relying on the bond of kinship and tradition, the members of his tribe could now look to Temujin for direct support.

Temujin organized his warriors into squads of ten who were to be brothers to one another. No matter what their kin group of their tribal origin, they were ordered to live and fight together as brothers. No one of them could ever leave the other behind in battle as a captive.

Ten squads formed a company, of one hundred men, one of whom they selected as their leader.

Ten companies formed a battalion of one thousand men.

Ten battalion were then organized into a "Tumen", an army of ten thousand men. The leader of each tumen was chosen by Temujin who knew the qualities needed in such a leadership position.

He allowed fathers and sons and brothers ad cousins to stay together when practical.

The entire Mongol tribe became integrated by means of the army. All members of the tribe - regardless of age or gender - had to perform public service. One day of work per week, they were caring for the warriors' herds, gathering dung for fire, making felt, repairing weapons, or even singing and entertaining the troops. Temujin the boy who had faced repeated rejections had all his followers one united people.

The Mongol army travel without a supply train other than it's large reserve of horses that always accompanied the soldiers. As they moved, they milked the animals, slaughtered them for food and fed themselves from hunting and looting. Marco Polo alleged that the Mongol warriors could travels ten days without stopping to make a fire or heat food, that they drank horses'  blood and that each man carried with him 10 pounds of dried milk paste. The warrior carried strips of dried meat and dried curd with him that he could chew while riding. Mongols were much stronger and healthier. They consumed a steady diet of meat , milk, yogurt and other dairy products. The grain diet of the Chinese peasant warriors stunted their bones, rotted their teeth, and left them weak and prone to disease.

Traditionally, army moved in long columns of men marching the same route with their large supplies of food following them. By contrast, the Mongol army spread out over a vast area to provide sufficient pasture for the animals and to maximize hunting opportunity for the soldiers. The decimal organization of Genghis Khan's army made it highly mutable and mobile. Even the officers were illiterate.  All communication had to be oral, not written. To ensure a accurate memorization the officers compose their orders in rhyme. The Mongols warriors used a set of fixed melodies and poetic styles according to the meaning of the message. The Mongol's success arose from their cohesion and discipline. Unlike other generals and emperors in history who easily ordered hundreds of thousands of soldiers to their death, Genghis Khan would never willingly sacrifice a single one. The Mongol did not find honor in fighting, they find honor in winning.